Photovoltaic Systems

Although the photovoltaic effect was discovered in 1839, the first practical study was carried out in the 1950s. Photovoltaic energy was first developed for satellites in space. Since traditional batteries, fuel cells and nuclear energy were not suitable for the conditions of that time, stored energy began to be used after a short time, and later, with the development of high-efficiency silicon solar cells, photovoltaic energy emerged as the best solution.

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The advantages are obvious;

· None of its parts require maintenance.

· There is no waste generation (flammable gases, residues, etc.)

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· Infinite energy source (sun)

Photovoltaic The operation of the devices is based on the principle that semiconductor materials convert the sun's radiation energy into electrical energy (with special applications) without the need for mechanical moving parts. Today, almost only silicon is used as a semiconductor material.

The basic component of a photovoltaic facility is the photovoltaic cell, under standard conditions (25°C temperature, 1000 W/m2 radiation power). ) 156 x 156 mm mono cell can produce power between 3-5 W.

The power output of a photovoltaic device operating under standard conditions is called peak power (Wp). A photovoltaic module is obtained by assembling the cells to each other.

The main material of photovoltaic cells is silicon. Silicon is the most common element on earth after oxygen. It is not found in pure form in nature, but in compounds with other elements.

However, pure silicon is needed for the production of a photovoltaic cell; Obtaining pure silicon is a very difficult and expensive process.

One of the alternative methods; Silicon can be obtained by cutting very thin disks from extra pure silicon rods, polished and acid treated.

Photovoltaic technology, especially in Turkey, which has a solar energy potential of 380 billion kWh/year. is a promising technology that offers long-term and large-scale renewable energy production in countries with abundant sun.

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The main purpose and strength of photovoltaic energy is to use solar energy as a supplement or alternative to traditional production methods that depend on a “continuous” production cycle and have difficulty meeting daily peaks. If we can work in suitable areas where we can establish power plants in Turkey, we can meet 45% of Turkey's energy needs with the facilities we will establish.